Joy In Discovery

Fueled by an unwavering curiosity about the intricacies of the natural world, Andrew Patterson has built a groundbreaking career unraveling the role of metabolites. These small yet essential molecules fuel metabolism, converting food into energy and vital components necessary for growth and repair.

"My parents would say I asked many questions when I was little," said Patterson, professor of molecular toxicology and the John T. and Paige S. Smith Professor in the College of Agricultural Sciences. "I had amazing teachers in high school who encouraged my interest in science, and I always thought I'd become a doctor. But I realized I truly loved being in the lab."

That realization took root while he was pursuing an undergraduate degree in microbiology at Penn State. Patterson found a mentor in Richard Frisque, now professor emeritus of molecular virology, who encouraged him to engage in research.

Building on this foundation, Patterson expanded his knowledge by joining the lab of Gerald McClearn, who at the time was Evan Pugh Professor of Health and Human Development and Biobehavioral Health. Patterson was charged with managing an extensive mouse colony and conducting behavior experiments. "That experience hooked me," he said.

An emerging field

His fascination with the emerging field of metabolomics was formed during a postdoctoral fellowship at the National Cancer Institute. Metabolites, he explained, are small but powerful molecules essential in keeping the body functioning. For example, glucose, a common metabolite, provides the energy that cells need for life.

"These molecules — the byproducts of our body's chemical reactions — come from sources such as the food we eat, microbial activity or waste products," said Patterson, who also holds an appointment as professor of biochemistry and molecular biology in the Eberly College of Science. "Even in trace amounts, some metabolites can significantly affect our health."

Among his most significant achievements of late is a groundbreaking study on bile acids published in Nature. "This study was initially developed and led by two graduate students, Bipin Rimal and Stephanie Collins," Patterson said. "They took a simple observation and turned it into a story that changed our understanding of how gut bacteria modify bile acids."

The scientists uncovered a new function for a well-known bacterial enzyme called bile salt hydrolase. This enzyme modifies bile acids produced by humans and mice, altering their structure through actions such as amino acid conjugation. These modifications result in the formation of novel molecules known as bacterial bile acid amidates. This discovery could lead to new treatments for inflammatory bowel disease, obesity and cancers by targeting or manipulating bile acid metabolism.

The project required collaboration with colleagues at Penn State and investigators nationwide, showcasing the power of team science. "It's an example of how collective expertise can achieve remarkable breakthroughs," Patterson said. "In the not-too-distant future, we'll measure large numbers of metabolites to provide a comprehensive picture of health. Imagine identifying early indicators of diseases such as cancer or tailoring therapies based on an individual's metabolic profile. This will revolutionize health care."

What intrigues Patterson most about metabolites is their untapped potential for discovery. With countless yet to be identified, cutting-edge technologies are enabling scientists to uncover their secrets. "The excitement of exploring uncharted territory keeps the work engaging and impactful," he said.

Improving lives

Blair Siegfried, former associate dean for research and graduate education and director of the Pennsylvania Agricultural Experiment Station, is among those who hold Patterson in high regard.

"Andrew Patterson is one of those rare scientists who combines deep humility with a relentless drive to make a difference," Siegfried said. "What impresses me most about him is his ability to take incredibly complex scientific discoveries and translate them into meaningful solutions that improve people's everyday lives. His work isn't just about advancing science — it's about making a real impact on the world."

Outside the lab, Patterson finds balance through outdoor activities such as running and biking with loved ones in the picturesque landscapes of Rothrock State Forest. "Being in nature helps me recharge and refocus," he said. "Many of my best ideas have come during those moments."

Like many scientists, he has come to appreciate the missteps he's encountered, recognizing that unexpected outcomes often lead to growth and breakthroughs. One of these experiences is a lingering regret from his undergraduate years — deciding not to try out for the Penn State baseball team.

"I realize now it would have taught me early on to embrace challenges and push beyond my comfort zone," he said, adding that he draws on those insights when mentoring budding scientists and scholars.

"We have an amazing privilege to explore and ask questions," he said. "Take risks, do hard things and find joy in discovery."

By Amy Duke